恕
Shu
Confucianism · conceptShu (恕, shù) is a Confucian term associated with reciprocity: using one’s own response as a measure for how to treat others. In Analects 15.24, Confucius names shu in response to Zigong’s request for one guiding word and then states the negative reciprocity maxim. Shu is closely related to Ren but should not be treated as its synonym.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
— Analects 15.24 (Confucius, in response to Zigong)
What Are the Key Facts About Shu?
- Tradition: Confucianism
- Chinese: 恕
- Category: Concept
- Definition: Shu (恕, shù) is a Confucian term associated with reciprocity: using one’s own response as a measure for how to treat others.
What Cards Are Related to Shu?
What Concepts Are Related to Shu?
Ren 仁What Other Guides Cover Confucianism?
Frequently Asked Questions About Shu
What is shu in Confucianism?
Shu (恕) is often translated 'reciprocity' or 'consideration': using one's own response as a measure for how to treat others. It is the method of practicing ren.
What did Confucius say about shu?
When Zigong asked for one word to guide life, Confucius answered shu: 'Do not impose on others what you do not wish for yourself' (Analects 15.24).
How is shu different from ren?
Ren is the full virtue of humaneness; shu is the practical method for approaching it — the negative golden rule that keeps one from harming others.
Is shu the same as the golden rule?
Shu is the Confucian negative form of the golden rule. It overlaps with the golden rule across traditions but is phrased as restraint rather than positive action.